Domů

1/2016

Monitoring of topoclimate in National Nature Reserve Mohelno Serpentine Steppe

Hana Středová, Petra Fukalová, Tomáš Středa, Jaroslav Knotek, Jana Škvareninová

Abstract

The natural uniqueness of National Natural Reserve Mohelno Serpentine Steppe (NNR MSS) is given by unusual microclimate conditions based on a combination of specific geological substrates - serpentine, the orientation of the majority of the steppe to the south and the morphology of the terrain. Current care plan of NNR MSS involves removing of non-native tree species, reduction of pines and shrubs, mowing and grazing. Such intensive management affects the climate of MSS and therefore it is important to monitor its basic climatic elements and then evaluate any changes that may occur after these interventions. The long-term evaluation of the climatic conditions of the area was based on data for the period of 1961-2014 from the nearest climatological station of the Czech Hydrometeorological Institute, in particular the professional automated station Dukovany, 4 km away from MSS. Climatic conditions in the very steppe (topoclimate) are quantified by monitoring that started in 2014 on the following 7 measuring points of the steppe: a control station on the platform, a sensor in a rocky area with scattered shrubs, a sensor above partly grassed rocky surface, a sensor in the rocky area with scattered trees, a sensor in an area with dense seeding shrubs and trees, a sensor in juvenescent pines canopy and a sensor above the grass surface in the forest of full-grown pines. This paper presents the character of temperature and precipitation climate at Dukovany station as well as previous results of monitoring at MSS eg. average daily, maximum and minimum temperature at the monitoring points of the steppe as well as the relationships between the temperature at the control station and other measuring points with different conditions.

Key words: air temperature, precipitation, serpentine steppe, topoclimate

 


Original research paper

 

Non-wood forest products monitoring in the Training Forest Enterprise Masaryk Forest Krtiny (Czech Republic)

Jitka Fialová, Jiří Kadlec, Marcel Riedl

Abstract

The utilisation of the non-wood forests products is in the Czech Republic quite high, but there are no information about the state of the utilisation in the forests owned by the Mendel university in Brno - Training Forest Enterprise Masaryk Forest Krtiny. The research financed by the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports, COST LD14054 - Non-wood forest products in the Czech Republic and the Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology MENDELU Internal Grant Agency No. 2015010/2015 and 2015026/2015 has been done for four month during each of the years 2014 and 2015. FAO defines NWFP as being  “goods of biological origin other than wood derived from forests, other wooded land and trees outside forests”. Different terms like secondary, minor or non-timber forest products (NTFP) are also being used by governments, institutions and academics. NWFP may be gathered from the wild, or produced in forest plantations, agroforestry schemes and from trees outside forests. Examples of NWFP include products used as food and food additives (edible nuts, mushrooms, fruits, herbs, spices and condiments, aromatic plants, game), fibres (used in construction, furniture, clothing or utensiles), resins, gums, and plant and animal products used for medicinal, cosmetic or cultural purposes.

Key words: age groups, status, income group, willing to pay

 


Original research paper

 

The use of forest undergrowth as an element of forest education and recreation

Paweł Staniszewski, Małgorzata Woźnicka, Emilia Janeczko, Krzysztof Janeczko

Abstract

Currently, more and more attention is paid to the social functions of forests, and these are closely related to the possibility of using non-wood forest products, especially widely available forest undergrowth resources. Collecting of such goods should be also treated as an important element of forest recreation. In this context, attention should be paid to the policy of information and education regarding the use of forest benefits. Moreover, the significance of forest floor resources availability for the recreational forest value should be mentioned.

This article presents the needs and challenges of education in the field of forest undergrowth utilization. Attention was drawn to the insufficient public knowledge of forest floor resources. The possibility of promotion of valuable but less known species of forest plants and edible mushrooms have been also indicated. Information about the proper harvesting methods of forest goods, the "cultural" return to traditional forms of forest use, the appearance of niche products, but also on the risks associated with toxic properties of some fungi and plants species have been analyzed as well.

Key words: forest floor resources, non-wood forest products, forest utilization, forest education, forest recreation

 


Original research paper

 

The importance of surface waters in the assessment of the recreational potential of the forest

Dorota Kargul-Plewa, Emilia Janeczko

Abstract

In recent years there has been an increase in the importance of social functions of forests, including recreational functions. This process is directly linked to the development of tourism and recreation in the Polish forests. The concept of the recreational potential, understood as the ability of the natural environment to meet human needs in terms of relaxation. Numerous studies on the assessment of the recreational potential of the forest show that the attractiveness of forest areas has a close relationship with the occurrence of watercourses and artificial water reservoirs. The article presents the importance of surface waters in the assessment of the suitability of recreational forest and made a critical analysis of methodological assumptions taken into account in the assessment of the recreational potential of the area.

Key words: water in the forest, recreational forest management, valorization of the forest, recreational suitability

 


Original research paper

 

Outdoor recreation in memorial landscapes by the example of Jankov Vŕšok, Slovakia

Denisa Halajová, Mária Bihuňová, Attila Tóth, Veronika Vaculová

Abstract

Cultural landscapes are complex layered systems that have been shaped by man throughout centuries. They are rich on historical, social and natural qualities and reflect religious, sacral or reverential values manifested by physical structures in the form of architectural landmarks and monuments in the landscape. These vivid memorial landscapes provide people with multiple values and qualities to perceive, experience, learn and enjoy. They might not be approached as conserved outdoor scenes or reserves, but rather as multifunctional outdoor recreation spaces. Outdoor recreation provides an important complementary use that enriches the meditation and reverence dimension of these sites by a new sustainable functional layer. The potential of landscape multifunctionality has been discovered, analysed, documented and interpreted by the example of Jankov Vŕšok in Slovakia, which is elaborated and developed more in detail in this paper.

Key words : Cultural heritage, memorial landscape, military memorials, outdoor recreation, Jankov vŕšok

 


Original research paper

 

Seeking standardization on monitoring visitors with automated counting devises in Czech Protected Areas

Luís Monteiro

Abstract

The awareness of the importance of counting visitors for quality management of protected areas led a considerable number of agencies to routinely collect the flux of visitors using automated counting devices. Collection of visitor data on a regular bases based on standardized methods, allow to display trends and establish comparisons between places over times. The present paper introduces a research that intends to contribute to the standardization of visitor monitoring procedures through its application in three Czech Protected Landscape Areas: Blaník, Brdy and Jeseníky. The proposed methodological approach consists of four main tasks: (1) capture of the number of visitors from automated counters on important trails over time; (2) short-dated counting of real visitor incidences’ for each counter site; (3) assessment of trail characteristics where devises are placed; and (4) data analysis to determine calibration coefficients, projection of the total number of visitors and determination of possible correlations with assessed trail characteristics.

Key words: visitor counting; automated trail counter; trail characteristics; Protected Landscape Areas.

 


Original research paper

 

The effects of changes in snow depth on winter recreation

Pavel Zahradníček, Jaroslav Rožnovský, Petr Štěpánek, Aleš Farda, Jáchym Brzezina

Abstract

Climate changes do not comprise just changes in the climatological parameters, but also have significant impacts on the natural conditions in landscape. Climate assessment should not be limited to just statistical analysis, but also look at relationships in data and its uses in other areas of everyday life. One such area is tourism and recreation, which is also to a great extent influenced by the weather. This paper focuses on the winter season and the related possibilities for tourism. One of the key factors is snow conditions of a particular place. This analysis takes into account the amount of new snow and maximum snow depth, and changes in these parameters as a result of the current global climate change. Especially in the last 15 years, years with less snow are more frequent and this can especially be seen at highest altitudes of the country. This study also analyzed outputs of climate models with regards to the winter season, including calculations and changes ofthe zero isotherm and the number of melting days. The paper outlines the impacts on winter recreation.

Key words: new snow, total snow depth, climate change, climate models, winter recreation