The evaluation of the groundwater levels fluctuation in the floodplain landscape of southern Moravia

Katarína Domokošová, Jiří Schneider, Alice Kozumplíková

Abstract
This article is focused on the study of This article is focused on the study of groundwater level dynamics in the floodplain landscape of southern Moravia, in 2002 - 2007. The solution was an evaluation of long-term monitoring of groundwater level in the area of Lanzhot and Breclav. Monitoring and long-term observation of groundwater level as well as climatic factors in this region was done by the Czech Hydrometeorological Institute (CHMI), which had provided data. There were evaluated the possible connections of underground water on precipitation and temperature conditions of the area and connections with the flow of the rivers Morava and Thaya.

The main goal is to determine dependence the dynamics of underground water on flows, precipitation, temperature and structure according to the representation of land-use segments. The data evaluation shows that the height of the water table affecting mainly flows, whereas there is just minimal dependence on precipitation and temperatures.

 

Keywords: groundwater level, precipitation, temperature, flow, rivers Morava and Thaya, the structure of land-use

original scientific work

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Financing of Management of Large-scale Specially Protected Areas in the Czech Republic

Petra Hlaváčková, Dalibor Šafařík

 

Abstract

Nature conservation is currently focused primarily on large protected areas where there is interaction between the nature and its inhabitants; therefore, such protected areas have become places of high social and economic value. Protected areas require effective management not just in terms of conserving these areas but also in terms of securing conservation by the state administration. The paper deals with the financing of administrations of large-scale specially protected areas in the Czech Republic. Currently, the management of protected areas in the world is funded from three primary sources (budget means from government revenues, grants and subsidies, and market-based resources). In the Czech Republic, the main sources of financing the management of protected areas are means from the state budget. Other funding comes from the sources of the European Community, the State Environmental Fund of the Czech Republic, local governments, donations and other sources. In allowance organizations, there is also income from the activities of their administrations. Compared to revenues from state budget, the volume of funds from other sources is very low, which implies that the management of protected areas in the Czech Republic is dependent on the state budget.

Keywords: Economics, financing, nature conservation, protected areas, state administration

original scientific work

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Evaluation of sediment by multivariate statistic– Factor analysis

Eva Singovszká, Magdaléna Bálintová, Pavol Purcz

 

Abstract

Surface water in the Smolnik creek is contaminated by acid mine drainage (AMD) outflowed from abandoned sulphide mine Smolník. AMD with  low value of the pH (about 3-4) is a result of chemical oxidation of sulphides and other chemical processes in mine. The pH increasing due to the mixture AMD with surface water is followed by metal precipitation and its sedimentation in water environment. Contaminated sediment is transported by erosion processes into the river Hnilec and than into water reservoir Ružín.

In this study, the factor analysis technique is applied to sediments quality  data sets obtained from Smolnik creek, Slovakia. Eleven parameters including trace elements (Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn, Al, Cu, Zn, As, Pb, (SO₄)^2-) and pH) were monitored on 5 sampling points. Data sets was analysed using factor analysis (FA).

Keywords: Acid main drainage, sediments, heavy metals, factor analysis

original scientific work

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Contribution to the bending analyses of beam construction on the ground

Božo Soldo, Matija Orešković, Aleksej Aniskin

Abstract

Analysis results of conduction of transverse loaded beam on the ground (foundation carrier) are shown in this paper. The central task in this analysis is selecting parameters for so-called dual-parametric model i.e. selecting two parameters, and their influence on the results

Key words: foundation carrier, finite difference method, two-parameter soil model, results analysis

original scientific work

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Stabilisation of reservoir banks  - irrigation  reservoir Bilovec

Miloslav Šlezingr

 

Abstract

Stabilisation of banks is a very important, but often disregarded stage of setting a newly built water structure in operation. It is a well-timed stabilisation, that is a realisation of appropriate bank reinforcement (here, regardless the dam) that may prevent creation and development of subsequent abrasive or erosive damage.

Let us present here first experience with the stabilisation use of so called “earth armour” in an interaction with a root system of suitable woody plants on an operational experimental surface. This surface is the endangered, at present already very abraded shore of the Bílovec irrigation reservoir in South Moravia.

Key words: Stabilisation of banks, reservoir, bank, erosive damage.

original scientific work

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Potential Impacts of the Tourism in Protected Areas of Micro-region Tarbucka

Katarina Pavlickova, Lubos Molitoris

Abstract

The paper is focusing to the natural conditions, criteria or limitations for the development potential of the tourism in microregion Tarbucka. Rural areas in Slovakia have been facing massive environmental regression in last fifty years. Previous political system has distorted not just the environment but also the local rural economy completely. Nowadays the conventional tourism is showing the predominance of short term economic interests above other important values and big dependence at the beginning to external financial entry. When Slovakia joined the EU, the tourism issue gained on the importance as one of  priorities of national economy. This possibility appears to be very suitable particularly in some  regions with less developed industry as rural areas are. By proper execution, there are much fewer negative impacts on the environment than by other branches of the industry. Existing risks connected with the disturbance and the devastation of natural environment by mass, uncoordinated tourism, oriented only on higher profits cannot be forgotten. New ways of tourism development has to be found.

The research area is situated in the south part of the district Trebisov, directly in Protected landscape area Latorica. It is characteristic rural area lying in the Eastern Slovak lowland and the edge of Zemplin Mountains, with the lonely standing volcano hill of the same name Tarbucka. In spite of the high quality of natural potential, the development of the tourism in the micro-region is in the stagnation. But the development of  recreational tourism in protected areas in Slovak conditions shows high complexity. And that is the perplexity.

Key words: protected area, indicator, category, development, recreation

original scientific work

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Development potential of a village in Spiš County, Slovakia

Martina Zeleňáková; Aneta Petriláková; Slávka Gałaś

Abstract

The paper focuses on sustainable development and its application in land use planning and environmental assessment in rural country. Sustainable land use planning requires depth analysis of the existing resources (localization, features, sensitivity to development) and understanding of development characteristics (resource needs and collateral effects) in order to identify uses for natural resources that will not influence future development. The methodologies used as bases for evaluation of landscape development were - Landscape Ecological Planning, Total Index of Environmental Quality, and Mariot’s Evaluation of Suitability for Tourism. The paper presents the methodology of evaluating the development potential of Spišské Bystré, a village in Spiš County in Slovakia. Based on evaluation of the data and analysis of the preconditions for local development, the following strategic aims are addressed: tourism development, improvement of the transport and technical infrastructure, and environmental protection. Ecological stability was also evaluated.

Key words: development potential, landscape planning, rural development, Total Index of Environmental Quality

original scientific work

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Public Recreation and Landscape Protection: Visitor Management by Parking Policy Measures in The Netherlands

Rinus Jaarsma; Raoul Beunen; Jasper de Vries

Abstract

Car traffic by visitors is an important cause of conflicting interests of nature conservation and public leisure activities. So, managing car traffic, and especially car parking, is an important tool for landscape protection. With quantitative data about visitor use we evaluated three different approaches for parking policy measures in the Netherlands. Empirical data showed how the number and location of parking places were an effective way to manage the number of cars and their spatial distribution. The introduction of parking charges only slightly reduced car traffic, and only during a short period. Studies on the concept of gateways(introduced as a way to reduce diffuse traffic flows within an area) showed that a gateway can be successful if it is strategically located and offers facilities and activities that meet visitor demands. Long-term monitoring is required to provide reliable and accurate data for management.

Keywords: Car traffic; Charging; Gateways; Monitoring; Traffic counts; Zoning

original scientific work

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Effects of biotechnical changes in the landscape on erosion exposure of the stand

Radek Dymák, Miroslav Kravka, Martin Danzer

Abstract

Recent floods in the Czech Republic (especially in the years 1997, 2002, 2009, 2010) have shown that the issue of formation of outflow within a catchment area and the role of the forest in the process is still urgent. This review aims at pointing to certain earlier works, little quoted but still with very interesting results, together with presentation of new knowledge.

Keyword: Erosion, Forest, infiltration

original scientific work